#Roman republic

• Adherbal — A historical proper name borne by prominent figures of antiquity, most famously Adherbal, King of Numidia (118–112 BC). He inherited the structural kingdom alongside his brother Hiempsal and cousin Jugurtha; the latter attacked and besieged him in Cirta, leading to his execution and triggering a major military conflict with the Roman Republic, known in historiography as the Jugurthine War.
• Aerarium — The public treasury of Ancient Rome; a central financial institution originally managed by quaestors and structurally located in the Temple of Saturn, where state revenues, gold and silver reserves, official documents, laws, and financial registers of the Roman Republic were kept. During the imperial period, it became clearly differentiated from the 'fiscus' (the emperor's private treasury).
• Allobrog — A person belonging to the Allobroges, a warlike Celtic tribe of ancient Gaul, settled between the Rhône river, the Isère river, and the Alps (modern-day Savoy and Dauphiné regions). As an adjective, it refers to the culture, territory, language, or artifacts specific to this people, known in Roman history for their initial resistance and their subsequent involvement in exposing the Catilinian conspiracy.
• Allobrogian (feminine) — The feminine form for the noun and adjective 'allobrog'; a woman belonging to the Celtic tribe of the Allobroges or, used as an adjective, any structural, cultural, or archaeological element (such as a settlement, a coin, or a sword) belonging to or specific to this ancient people of Gallia Narbonensis.
• Aristonicus — An ancient proper name borne by Hellenic figures, most famously Aristonicus of Pergamum (also known by his royal name Eumenes III), a pretender to the Pergamene throne who led a major popular revolt against the Roman Republic between 133 and 129 BC, proclaiming the creation of an ideal state of equality called the 'City of the Sun' (Heliopolis) where slaves and the poor were freed.
• Hasdrubal — A proper name borne by several famous generals and political leaders of ancient Carthage. Structurally, the most well-known is Hasdrubal Barca (c. 245 - 207 BC), brother of Hannibal, who commanded Carthaginian forces in the Iberian Peninsula during the Second Punic War and died heroically at the Battle of Metaurus while attempting to bring reinforcements to Italy.
• Aventine Hill — One of the seven historic hills of Ancient Rome, located in the southwestern part of the city on the left bank of the Tiber River; during the Roman Republic, the Aventine Hill was closely associated with the plebeians, serving as a political refuge and a symbol of their struggle for social rights against the patricians. Today, it is an elegant residential area and a tourist landmark renowned for its medieval churches, orange gardens, and panoramic views over Rome.