#alcaloza

• Acapnia — A pathological or physiological condition characterized by an abnormally low concentration or partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the arterial blood and tissues. Most frequently caused by alveolar hyperventilation, it leads to a profound disruption of the body's acid-base balance (respiratory alkalosis) and clinically manifests through dizziness, paresthesia, or muscle spasms.
• Alkalemia — The physiological or pathological state characterized by an increase in blood alkalinity beyond normal limits, resulting in an arterial pH value greater than 7.45. This structural acid-base imbalance can be caused by the accumulation of bases or the excessive loss of acids from the body, being closely correlated with severe metabolic or respiratory disorders.
• Alkalosis — A disturbance of the acid-base balance in the body, characterized by an increase in plasma pH above the normal value of 7.45, resulting from the accumulation of alkaline substances (bases) or excessive loss of acids. It can be metabolic (triggered by severe vomiting or bicarbonate ingestion) or respiratory (caused by hyperventilation).