#alkaloid

• Ageratum conyzoides — A species of annual herbaceous plant in the genus Ageratum, native to tropical America, widely distributed as an invasive weed in warm regions of the world and recognized for its medicinal properties. Its leaves emit a strong, goat-like odor, and it is traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing effects, although it contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids toxic to the liver.
• Ajmalină — An alkaloid extracted from the root of the tropical plant Rauwolfia serpentina, used in medicine as a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent; it acts by blocking sodium channels in myocardial cell membranes, thereby prolonging the heart's refractory period. It is primarily utilized for the electrocardiographic diagnosis of Brugada syndrome (the ajmaline challenge test) and in the emergency treatment of supraventricular tachycardias induced by Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
• Alangium chinense — A species of small to medium-sized deciduous tree or shrub in the genus Alangium, native to a wide region spanning China, the Caucasus, South Asia, and parts of tropical Africa; a plant structurally characterized by variable leaf shapes (often lobed) and creamy-white flowers with recurved petals. In traditional Chinese medicine (known as Ba Jiao Feng), its roots and bark are empirically used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in treating rheumatism, although the plant contains potent alkaloids (such as alangine) that impart high toxicity and require rigorous processing.
• Alkaloid — A nitrogenous organic substance, typically possessing a basic (alkaline) character and a complex heterocyclic structure, primarily biosynthesized by plants, but also by certain fungi or animals. Alkaloids exhibit intense pharmacodynamic action on the central nervous system and the human body, functioning, depending on the dosage, as essential medicines, stimulants, or highly violent poisons (for example: morphine, caffeine, nicotine, atropine, quinine).
• Alkaloidal — Pertaining to alkaloids, containing alkaloids, or possessing properties similar to these nitrogenous organic compounds. The term describes extracts, solutions, or chemical structures derived from medicinal or toxic plants, characterized by an intense pharmacodynamic action on the central nervous system.
• Amarine — A toxic organic substance, alkaloid, or complex heterocyclic compound historically extracted from bitter fruit kernels or synthesized from hydrobenzamide, characterized by an extremely bitter taste and crystalline structure.
• Anabasine — A natural, toxic, liquid alkaloid extracted from the plant Anabasis aphylla or from certain tobacco varieties, having a molecular chemical structure and biological properties extremely similar to those of nicotine. It is used in industry as a powerful insecticide and in medical research to study nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
• Anabazin — A non-literary or obsolete orthographic variant for the feminine noun 'anabasină' (anabasine). It designates the toxic liquid alkaloid isolated from certain plants, with pharmacological properties analogous to nicotine, used industrially in formulating powerful insecticides or in laboratory studies on neuroreceptors.
• Apocynaceae — A family of higher dicotyledonous plants, often tropical or subtropical, characterized by the presence of a white latex, regular hermaphrodite flowers, and follicle-type fruits; a plant belonging to this family. Many species possess high pharmacological importance due to their rich content of alkaloids and cardiotonic glycosides, while some are used ornamentally.
• Atropa — A genus of perennial herbaceous plants in the family Solanaceae, the most famous being Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade). Species within this genus have a complex biological structure and are highly toxic, containing a large amount of tropane alkaloids (atropine, scopolamine) with major parasympatholytic effects, utilized in the structural pharmaceutical industry and medicine.
• Atropine — A toxic alkaloid extracted from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other plants of the Solanaceae family, used in medicine as a parasympatholytic agent; it acts structurally by blocking acetylcholine muscarinic receptors, causing effects such as pupil dilation (mydriasis), reduction of glandular secretions, and acceleration of the heart rate. It represents an essential antidote in poisonings with organophosphorus pesticides or nerve gases.
• Babeine — A toxic organic substance of an alkaloidal nature, experimentally extracted or isolated from certain plant species of spontaneous flora or from complex organic compounds; a structural compound studied in toxicology and organic chemistry for its specific pharmacological properties or its reactions in the presence of certain laboratory reagents.