#ancient tribes
- Agathyrsi — An ancient population of Scythian or Thracian stock that inhabited the current territory of Transylvania, along the Mureș river valley, during the first millennium BC. Historically mentioned by Herodotus, they were renowned for their wealth in gold, their custom of tattooing their bodies and hair with blue designs as a sign of nobility, and for their laws transmitted orally in the form of chanted verses.
- Astures — An ancient population of Celto-Iberian or Indo-European origin that inhabited the mountainous region of the northwestern Iberian Peninsula (the current territory of the Asturias community and neighboring provinces in Spain). They were organized into independent tribes, recognized by Roman historians (such as Strabo and Pliny the Elder) for their warlike spirit, fierce resistance against the legions led by Augustus, and their skills as miners and horsemen.