#articulation

• Acromial — Pertaining to the acromion (the superior bony process of the scapula) or located in the upper shoulder region; referring to the anatomical, vascular, or nervous structures associated with this skeletal prominence.
• Alveolo-palatal — Pertaining to the region between the upper alveolar ridge and the hard palate, relating to this anatomical zone, or articulated in this space. In phonetics, it describes consonants produced by placing the body of the tongue close to the hard palate and the tip of the tongue behind the alveolar ridge, such as the sibilant fricatives or affricates found in languages like Mandarin, Polish, or Russian.
• Antermit — Situated, placed, or manifested before the emission of a signal or an articulated sound; relating to the preliminary phase of phonetic articulation. Broadly, the term defines a transitional state of controlled pause or a micro-temporal interval preceding a major acoustic phenomenon, serving to prepare the resonating structure.
• Apico-dental — Pertaining to the tip of the tongue and the upper teeth (in phonetics, describing sounds articulated by resting the tongue tip against the inner surface of the upper incisors); in stomatology and endodontics, the term describes an area, structural relationship, or pathology simultaneously involving the root apex and dental elements.
• Articulation — The act of articulating sounds, parts, or bony structures and its result; physiological process of altering the vocal tract to produce speech; a mobile mechanical assembly made of correlated parts; plural form of the adjective 'articular'. In a structural sense, it describes the method of functionally connecting the elements of a system.
• Joint — A structural anatomical formation joining two or more bones, allowing mobility of skeletal segments (diarthrosis) or their rigid fixation (synarthrosis); a movable mechanical link made through pivots, hinges, or bearings joining machine parts; (in phonetics) the totality of movements executed by vocal organs to produce a sound; (in music) a way of structurally linking and interpreting musical notes.
• Arthria — The normal physiological capacity to articulate speech sounds clearly, distinctly, and correctly through the coordination of the vocal apparatus organs (tongue, lips, palate, vocal cords). In speech therapy and phonetics, the term represents the opposite of anarthria or dysarthria, defining the structural correctness of the mechanical word pronunciation process.
• Ataxophemia — A rare neurological and speech disorder manifested by a lack of coordination in the muscles involved in phonation, leading to defective articulation, rhythm irregularities, and jerky or incoherent speech. The condition is not caused by an intrinsic weakness of the vocal apparatus, but by a structural dysfunction in the transmission of motor nerve impulses, disrupting the harmonious sequence of emitted sounds.