#catholicism

• Anti-papal — Opposing the Pope of Rome, pontifical authority, or the institution of the Papacy; exhibiting a critical, hostile, or rebellious attitude toward the decrees, dogmas, or political and territorial interests of the Holy See.
• Antipapism — An attitude, doctrine, or movement of systematic opposition to the institution of the papacy, the absolute authority of the pope, or the political and spiritual influence of the Vatican worldwide. This ideological trend manifested intensely during the Protestant Reformation, as well as in various secular or nationalist movements in Europe, challenging papal primacy and ecclesiastical centralization.