#chronology

• From the founding of the city — A Latin phrase meaning literally 'from the founding of the city' (referring to the foundation of Rome in 753 BC). In academic contexts and the history of medical sciences, it is used metaphorically to date or describe an event, institution, or school of thought analyzed right from the official moment of its establishment or fundamental structuring.
• The day before yesterday — On the day preceding yesterday; two days ago relative to the present moment of speech. This structural temporal indicator serves as a fundamental chronological reference point on the axis of the recent past, being widely used in standard, historical, and colloquial language to establish the exact sequence of recent events without stating the calendar date.
• The morning before last — In the morning of the day before yesterday; the matinal period that occurred exactly two days ago relative to the current moment of speech. This compound lexical structure provides an exact chronological demarcation on the temporal axis of the recent past, being widely used in administrative, legal, or daily accounts to specify the exact timing of an event without using calendar dates.
• The night before last — During the night before last night; the nocturnal period following the day before yesterday or preceding yesterday. This compound lexical structure precisely outlines a nocturnal unit of time on the temporal axis of the recent past, being essential in detailed accounts of facts or events that required nighttime monitoring.
• The evening before last — On the evening of the day before yesterday; the twilight or nocturnal temporal segment that occurred exactly two evenings ago relative to the present moment. This compound lexical structure establishes a fixed and precise chronological reference point on the axis of the recent past, being intensively used in daily accounts, activity reports, and literary prose to locate actions without mentioning the calendar date.
• The day after tomorrow — On the day following the day after tomorrow; the day after tomorrow. This structural temporal indicator, although currently considered an archaism or an obsolete regionalism, was widely used in the past to define the third day on the axis of the near future; it preserves a great philological value in old literary texts or in the dialects of certain rural areas of the country.
• The day after tomorrow — A regional variant or archaic adverbial pluralization or alternative phonetic form for the term 'alaltămâne', used in certain local dialects to express the idea of the day after tomorrow. This structural temporal indicator reflects the morpho-phonetic diversity of historical Romanian subdialects, occasionally found in folkloric texts or collections of customs from rural areas.
• The day after tomorrow — An old spelling form (used according to linguistic standards prior to 1993, with the letter 'î' inside the word) for the regionalism 'alaltămâni'; an adverb of time meaning the day after tomorrow. This structural graphic variant is documented in dictionaries edited during the communist period and in dialectal manuscripts transcribed during that literary era.
• The evening before last — A regional or archaic phonetic variant of the adverb 'alaltăseară', currently used in the dialects of Muntenia, Oltenia, and southern Moldavia to designate the time interval corresponding to the evening before last (two evenings ago). This structural term reflects the tendency of popular speech to simplify the diphthong 'ea' into the simple vowel 'a' within certain phonetic contexts of the southern Romanian linguistic area.
• The evening before last — On the evening of the day before yesterday; on the evening preceding yesterday's evening, or two evenings ago relative to the current moment. This adverbial compound structurally outlines a precise temporal segment within the chronological axis of the recent past, frequently used in daily accounts and literary prose to locate actions carried out during the twilight or nocturnal interval of two days ago.
• Noon — The middle of the day, the moment when the sun crosses the local meridian and reaches its maximum height above the horizon (12:00 PM); structurally, it represents the temporal demarcation point between morning and afternoon, traditionally associated with lunch and rest during hot periods.
• Year — The fundamental unit of time representing the period required for the Earth to complete one full orbit around the Sun; calendar-wise, an interval of 365 days (or 366 days in leap years), divided into 12 months, beginning on January 1st and ending on December 31st. In a broader sense, it denotes a period of time linked to a specific activity, a person's age, or a historical era.
• Antedating — The act of antedating and its result; the assignment to an official document, contract, legal act, or letter of a date prior to the actual date on which it was drawn up or effectively signed. This structural process may be carried out for the purpose of regularizing retroactive administrative situations or it may represent an illegal alteration of chronology for deceptive purposes.
• Antedated — Bearing a date prior to the one on which it was actually drawn up, signed, or registered; inscribed with a retroactive chronology. In a technical and legal sense, it describes the status of a document whose formal effects have been brought forward in time, either out of a legitimate procedural need or as a result of a forgery.