#cognitive deficit

• Acalculia — A clinical neurological or neuropsychological deficit characterized by the acquired loss of the ability to perform simple arithmetic operations or to understand fundamental mathematical concepts, typically occurring due to an organic brain injury (usually affecting the left parietal lobe). Unlike dyscalculia, which is a congenital developmental disorder, achalusia represents a cognitive impairment secondary to trauma, stroke, or neurodegenerative processes.
• Alexic — Pertaining to alexia, belonging to alexia, or affected by this neurological disorder; a person who has lost the ability to read and decode written language due to a cortical brain lesion. In medical semiology, the term characterizes the cognitive behavior or specific deficits within a complex aphasic syndrome, where the recognition of symbolic graphic signs is completely compromised.
• Alexia — A severe neurological disorder characterized by the total or partial loss of the ability to read and comprehend written language, caused by an acquired lesion in the brain structures involved in visual-linguistic processing (specifically in the left parietal or occipital lobe). Unlike illiteracy, the condition occurs in individuals who previously possessed the ability to read, and unlike dyslexia, it is an acquired condition rather than a developmental disorder.
• The alexias — The definite articulated feminine plural form of the noun alexia, designating collectively and specifically all the types, manifestations, or identified clinical cases of loss of the ability to read and comprehend written text due to a cortical brain lesion. In medical literature, the term individualizes the forms of word blindness studied within a specific patient group or nosological framework.
• Anosognosia — A severe neurological cognitive disorder characterized by a patient's total or partial inability to be aware of or recognize their own illness, functional deficit, or paralysis (such as hemiplegia). This structural phenomenon typically occurs following acute lesions of the right parietal lobe of the brain (caused by strokes or tumors), leading the patient to firmly maintain they are completely healthy despite clinical evidence.
• Anozo- — A scholarly combining form used as a prefix in international medical terminology, derived from Greek, representing a structural or combinatory variant of the prefixoid 'anoso-' (composed of the privative prefix 'an-' and the root 'nosos'). It signifies the absence of awareness, ignorance, or lack of proper perception of a disease, condition, or physical and mental deficit within complex neuropsychological syndromes.