#historical region

• Acarnania — A traditional historical and geographical region located in western central Greece, bounded to the west by the Ionian Sea, to the north by the Ambracian Gulf, and separated to the east from Aetolia by the Achelous River. In antiquity, it operated as a distinct tribal federal state, notable for its military resistance during the Peloponnesian War and strategic alliances with Macedon before its conquest by the Roman Empire in 168 BC. Today, it forms part of the regional administrative unit of Aetolia-Acarnania, renowned for its abundant water resources and unique wetlands.
• Amhara Region — An administrative and historical region in northwestern Ethiopia, located on the high plateaus of the Horn of Africa, representing the historical homeland of the eponymous ethnic group. Its geographical structure includes spectacular mountainous terrain, such as the Simien Mountains, and Lake Tana, the source of the Blue Nile, serving as a major cultural and spiritual center of Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.
• Arakan — A vast historical and geographic region located on the western coast of Myanmar (formerly Burma), along the Bay of Bengal, currently corresponding to the federal Rakhine State. It sheltered a powerful independent Buddhist kingdom with its capital at Mrauk U, later integrated into Burmese territory, and in contemporary geopolitics, it represents a complex space marked by deep inter-ethnic tensions and humanitarian crises.
• Arama — An alternative spelling or historical transliteration rarely utilized in old documents to denote the ancient region of Aram in the Near East, the homeland of the Aramean people. Additionally, in national onomastics and regional geopolitics, the term can represent a minor local toponym, a family name, or an unadapted graphic variant encountered in archival manuscripts describing ancient trade routes between the Mediterranean basin and Mesopotamia.
• Ardeal — A historical and geographical region situated inside the Carpathian arc, forming the central and western parts of modern Romania. Structurally known also as Transylvania, the region is characterized by a complex mountainous and hilly relief, a rich hydrographic network, and a long multicultural history, having been successively integrated into the Kingdom of Hungary, the Principality of Transylvania, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire before the 1918 Union.
• Artois — A historical region and former province in northern France, located in the modern Pas-de-Calais department, famous for its chalky plains and World War I battlefields. In hydrogeology, the name of this region is the core entity from which the term artesian well originates, due to the first wells of this type drilled there in the 12th century.
• Asir — A mountainous and administrative region located in southwestern Saudi Arabia, bordering Yemen, structurally recognized for its high relief and relatively humid climate due to monsoons. In a historical sense, the term can also refer to the confederated tribes of this area or to an ancient pantheon or proper name mentioned in Semitic and biblical documents.