#land surveying

• Land surveying — The art, technique, or science of precisely determining the shape, size, and position of land areas; an applied branch of topography used for measuring and parceling land properties. It includes the mathematical and instrumental methods through which administrative boundaries and cadastral maps are established.
• Arpentagiu — An archaic or regional variant for the profession, dignity, or function of a land surveyor, designating the person historically authorized to measure agricultural land areas and establish official property boundaries. The term reflects old administrative structures influenced by Western European technical-legal terminology prior to the standardization of the modern cadastral system.
• Land surveying — The technical operation of precisely measuring the surface of an agricultural or forested land and establishing its boundaries using topographic instruments. It represents a fundamental procedure in geodesy and cadastre, utilized for drafting parcel plans, resolving boundary disputes, and officially registering properties in the land register.
• Arsa — An ancient historical unit of land measurement, formerly used in certain regions of the Romanian territories, particularly in Oltenia and Muntenia. The term referred to an arable plot of land or an agricultural area demarcated by traditional methods, its exact value varying according to the era and local surveying customs, being closely tied to medieval and pre-modern administrative organization.