#liverworts
- Amphigastria — Minute, rudimentary, structurally modified leaves arranged in a median row on the ventral side of the stem in most species of leafy liverworts (Jungermanniales). These plant microstructures have the role of retaining water through capillarity and protecting the stem against dehydration in forest or rocky habitats.
- Antheridiophore — A specialized structural formation, having the appearance of a stalk, branch, or erect support, which bears the antheridia (male reproductive organs) in some lower avascular plants, such as liverworts of the order Marchantiales. This structural support serves the ecological role of elevating the male organs above the thallus, facilitating the efficient dispersal of plant spermatozoa via raindrops or dew.