#salad

• Ayyubids — A historical proper noun designating the members of a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin, globally founded by the famous military leader Saladin (Salah ad-Din) in the 12th century. This structural dynastic lineage ruled vast territories in the Middle East, including Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and parts of Mesopotamia, becoming famous in universal history for unifying the Islamic world, recapturing Jerusalem in 1187, and crucial military confrontations against Crusader states during the Third Crusade.
• Endive — A herbaceous vegetable plant of the composite family (Cichorium endivia), cultivated for its etiolated leaves (artificially whitened by deprivation of light during growth), which form an elongated, compact, and crisp bud. It has a characteristic, slightly bitter taste due to intybin, being highly valued in international gastronomy for preparing refined salads or cooked side dishes.
• Endive — A highly used lexical variant and fully accepted synonym for the term 'andivă', defining the garden chicory cultivated for its compact heads of artificially whitened leaves. It preserves exactly the same culinary applications and agro-botanical characteristics, being the preferred form by speakers in certain regions of the country and on commercial labels.
• Arugula — An alternative spelling and orthoepic variant utilized in Romanian commercial and daily parlance for arugula or rucola (Eruca vesicaria); an annual herbaceous plant in the Brassicaceae family whose elongated, indented leaves, featuring a characteristically peppery, bitter, and nutty flavor, are extensively used in gastronomy for salads, sauces, and as a pizza topping. The term represents a direct phonetic adaptation rooted in Italian or English lexical forms.