#solvent

• Abiturient / High school senior — An academic term used to denote a high school student in their final year or a graduate who is preparing for or taking the baccalaureate exam (matriculation examination), thereby gaining the right to enroll in higher education.
• Female abiturient / High school senior — The feminine form of the term 'abiturient'; a female student in her final year of high school or a graduate taking the baccalaureate exam to gain access to university studies.
• Graduate — A person who has completed a cycle of education, a school, or specialization courses, obtaining an official title or diploma. In social ethics and the philosophy of education (paideia), the graduate represents not merely an individual who has accumulated technical knowledge, but a fully formed moral subject, prepared to assume the responsibilities of the social contract and to apply ethical principles within civil society.
• Graduate (female) — The feminine form of the term 'absolvent'; a woman who has completed a cycle of studies within an educational institution, obtaining an official diploma. In the philosophy of education and modern civic ethics analyses, the female graduate represents a fully formed feminine subject who assumes the role of an agent of knowledge and ethical duty in the process of societal development and emancipation.
• Alcohol — An organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl (-OH) functional groups bound to a saturated carbon atom. In common parlance, the term refers to ethanol or ethyl alcohol, a volatile, flammable liquid obtained through the fermentation of sugars or chemical synthesis, acting as the active ingredient in intoxicating beverages and an essential solvent in industry and pharmacy.
• Alcohol — The standard and widely adapted Romanian spelling for alcohol. An organic compound characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated alkyl radical. It represents the structural baseline of ethanol used as an antiseptic, general industrial solvent, or as the major psychoactive ingredient in a wide range of fermented or distilled beverages.
• Alma mater — An allegorical expression from Latin, literally translated as 'nourishing mother', historically used by Romans to designate kind goddesses (Ceres, Cybele) and universally adopted in medieval and modern academic environments to refer to the university, college, or school that a person graduated from, which provided their intellectual and spiritual formation.
• Alumnus — A graduate of an educational institution (high school, university), viewed in relation to the school they attended; in a historical sense, it designated a boarding student maintained at the expense of a cultural institution or a foundation.
• Alumna — A female graduate of an educational institution (high school, university), viewed in relation to the school she attended; the feminine gender motion for the word 'alumn'.
• Amylic — Pertaining to or derived from the amyl radical; relating to organic compounds containing chains of five carbon atoms. Most commonly, the term is found in the phrase 'amyl alcohol', a group of isomeric alcohols with a pungent, toxic odor, widely used in industry as solvents, extractants, or raw material for producing aromatic esters and plastics.
• Anhydrous — Containing no water; a chemical substance, solvent, or compound from whose structure free water or water of crystallization has been completely removed through thermal or chemical processes. In technical and pharmaceutical fields, the anhydrous state guarantees high purity of reagents and prevents secondary hydrolysis reactions during storage or high-precision production processes.
• Anisole — An organic compound belonging to the aromatic ether family, appearing as a colorless liquid with a pleasant, sweet odor reminiscent of anise seeds; methoxybenzene. It is widely utilized in organic synthesis as a solvent, an intermediate in the production of perfumes, synthetic flavors, pharmaceuticals, and insect pheromones, structurally obtained through the methylation of phenol.
• Anti-siccative — Slowing down, delaying, or preventing the drying or solidification process of a liquid, paint, varnish, or industrial oil; a drying retarder. In the chemical industry and visual arts (oil painting technique), substances with anti-siccative properties (such as clove oil or certain antioxidant solvents) are added to the composition to keep the material fluid or malleable for a longer period, allowing subsequent touch-ups.
• Aqua regia — An extremely corrosive and fuming chemical mixture, structurally composed of one volume of concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and three volumes of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) (1:3 ratio). This highly powerful acid solution is globally renowned for its unique property of dissolving gold and platinum, noble metals that resist the action of any other single acid.
• Gold lacquer — Commercial name for a metallic lacquer dissolved in volatile organic solvents, originally used in industry for decorative gold painting of metal or wood surfaces. In a sociological and slang sense, the term designates the substance illegally inhaled for its psychoactive effects, as well as a pejorative term for homeless individuals addicted to it.
• Baccalaureate — A major national examination taken by high school graduates, the passing of which grants the baccalaureate title and the right to enroll in higher education; a complex test evaluating linguistic skills, academic profile, and knowledge accumulated throughout secondary education. As an adjective, it describes a young man who has successfully passed all written and oral trials of this maturity exam.
• Female high school graduate — A young woman or lady who has successfully passed all parts of the national baccalaureate exam; a female high school graduate holding the official maturity diploma. As an adjective, it describes the feminine gender of a person who has passed this academic milestone, gaining the legal right to apply for university.
• Baccalaureate — An archaic, bookish, or regional form historically used to designate the baccalaureate exam or, specifically, a young female graduate who passed this maturity examination. The term reflects a stage of linguistic and cultural transition in the local educational system, preserving a classic patina that evokes the academic rigor of the interwar periods or the 19th century.