#speech articulation

• Alveolo-palatal — Pertaining to the region between the upper alveolar ridge and the hard palate, relating to this anatomical zone, or articulated in this space. In phonetics, it describes consonants produced by placing the body of the tongue close to the hard palate and the tip of the tongue behind the alveolar ridge, such as the sibilant fricatives or affricates found in languages like Mandarin, Polish, or Russian.
• Apico-dental — Pertaining to the tip of the tongue and the upper teeth (in phonetics, describing sounds articulated by resting the tongue tip against the inner surface of the upper incisors); in stomatology and endodontics, the term describes an area, structural relationship, or pathology simultaneously involving the root apex and dental elements.