#spore formation

• Acropleurogenous — Developing, originating, or arranged both at the apex (apical) and on the sides (lateral) of a structure, plant stem, or hyphal filament. In mycology, the term describes a specific mode of spore or conidia formation and branching on conidiophores, where they are structurally generated across the entire terminal zone and the flanks of the main axis, ensuring efficient reproductive material dispersal.
• Agametangia — A rare plural or adjectival form used in botany to denote asexual organs or cellular structures inside which agametes (spores or zoospores) are formed in lower plants, fungi, or algae. The term describes the non-sexual reproductive apparatus before modern morphological standardization.
• Agametangium — An asexual reproductive organ (sporangium) found in algae, fungi, and lower plants, inside which exclusively agametes (spores or zoospores) are produced. Its anatomical structure is adapted for protecting and releasing non-sexual multiplication cells, ensuring species perpetuation without fertilization.
• Amphigenous — Growing, developing, or producing on both sides of a plant organ (such as leaves or stems); in mycology, it describes a type of parasitic fungus whose reproductive structures (conidia, spores) structurally appear and develop on both the upper and lower surfaces of the host plant's leaf.
• Angiosporous — Producing spores inside a closed envelope or a protective receptacle; a plant or fungal organism characterized by spores structurally sheltered against unfavorable external factors. In a biological context, this niche term defines specific sporogenesis pathways found in certain lower fungi or ascomycetes, where mature reproductive cells remain well-defined inside a membrane until release.
• Ascolichen — A lichen whose fungal biont (the symbiotic fungal component) belongs to the class of ascomycetes, structurally characterized by reproduction through asci and ascospores. In the plural form, it denotes a vast taxonomic group of lichens (Ascolichenes) comprising the majority of known species, adapted to grow on tree bark, rocks, or soil.
• Azygospore — A zygospore formed atypically through parthenogenesis from a single gametangium, without the prior fusion of two distinct sexual reproductive cells; a plant structure or organism characterized by producing such unpaired spores.