#stoicism

• Adiaphorous — Indifferent from a moral or religious standpoint; a fact, action, or element that is neither good nor bad, being neither commanded nor forbidden by any sacred law or ethical norm. In a historical and structural sense, the concept originates from Greek Stoicism and describes the external aspects of life that do not directly influence virtue or the salvation of the soul.
• Adiaphora — A state of spiritual indifference, complete detachment, or moral neutrality toward external worldly matters; in Stoic philosophy, it designates the attitude toward things considered 'adiaphora' (indifferent matters that are neither good nor bad in themselves, such as wealth or sickness). This structural term defines a position of axiological neutrality and rational apathy.
• Apathy — A state of insensibility, total indifference, absence of interest, and emotional reactions toward the external world or oneself. In philosophy (stoicism), it represents the moral ideal of freeing the soul from passions (apatheia); in medicine, it is a symptom characteristic of depression, extreme exhaustion, schizophrenia, or frontal lobe lesions.
• Ataraxic — Relating to ataraxia, inducing or producing a state of perfect serenity, absolute calm, and peace of mind. In ancient philosophy (Stoicism, Epicureanism), it describes the attitude of the wise person liberated from passions and fears. In modern medicine and pharmacy, the term is used as an adjective or noun to designate a tranquilizing or sedative drug capable of reducing anxiety without altering consciousness.
• Ataraxia — A state of perfect serenity, absolute calm, and imperturbability of the soul, achieved through complete liberation from passions, fears, and external disturbances. In ancient Greek philosophy, particularly in Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Pyrrhonism, ataraxia represented the supreme ideal of wisdom and human happiness, attained through rational detachment and inner control.
• Self-mastery — The act of self-mastering and its result; the conscious and voluntary process of exercising control over one's own behavior, affective states, and thoughts, representing the foundation of stoicism and emotional self-control.