#world war i

• Abwehr — The military intelligence and counterintelligence service of the German armed forces (Reichswehr and later Wehrmacht), operating under the High Command between 1920 and 1944. Initially created with a strictly defensive role to bypass the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles, the service expanded under Admiral Wilhelm Canaris into a complex network of foreign espionage and sabotage, while also serving as a hidden core of internal resistance against the Nazi regime until its dissolution by Hitler.
• Aisne — A geographical proper noun of Gallo-Roman origin designating an important river in northern France (a tributary of the Oise), as well as the homonymous French department located in the Hauts-de-France region, with its capital at Laon. In universal military history, the Aisne river valley is recognized as a strategic and bloody theater of operations during World War I, including the battles of 1914, 1917 (the Nivelle Offensive), and 1918, events that structurally marked the transition to trench warfare on the Western Front.
• Allenby — A British surname famous in the military and geopolitical history of the 20th century, notably consecrated by Field Marshal Edmund Allenby (1861–1936). He led the Egyptian Expeditionary Force during World War I, capturing Jerusalem from the Ottoman Empire in 1917. His name is borne today by numerous streets, historical bridges (such as the Allenby Bridge over the Jordan River), and localities.
• Entente — An understanding, political agreement, or international diplomatic alliance concluded between two or more sovereign states for the purpose of armed, economic, or strategic cooperation. In a historical sense, the term written with a capital letter (The Entente) specifically designates the military coalition formed by France, the British Empire, and the Russian Empire (later joined by other countries, including Romania) that opposed the Central Powers during World War I.
• Anti-Hitler — Opposing Adolf Hitler, the national-socialist ideology (nazism), or the political regime imposed by him during World War II; a person who fought or expressed opposition against the Hitlerite dictatorship. In a historical sense, it describes the international coalition formed by the Great Powers (the Allies) to defeat Nazi Germany.
• Anti-Hitler — A woman who opposed the regime led by Adolf Hitler or the national-socialist ideology; a movement, action, or attitude with an anti-Nazi character developed during World War II. As an adjective inflected in the feminine form, it qualifies political, military, or ideological structures aimed at destroying fascism and the Hitlerite dictatorship.
• Anti-Nazi — Opposing Nazism, the national-socialist ideology, or the political regime imposed by Adolf Hitler; a person who actively fought, campaigned, or organized in clandestine movements against the German fascist dictatorship. In a structural and historical sense, it describes resistance actions during World War II or Allied military coalitions dedicated to destroying the Axis.
• Anti-Nazi — A woman who opposed the national-socialist regime or the ideology promoted by Adolf Hitler; a movement, action, or attitude with an anti-fascist character developed during World War II. As an adjective inflected in the feminine form, it qualifies resistance organizations, clandestine manifestos, or allied policies oriented toward destroying the Hitlerite dictatorship.
• Antonescian — Belonging, referring, or specific to the military dictatorship, ideology, or period when Romania was led by Marshal Ion Antonescu (1940–1944). In a historiographical and political sense, the term describes structural administrative elements, wartime decisions, legislative measures, or social realities during the Antonescu regime, characterized by authoritarianism, strict censorship, and geopolitical alignment with the Axis Powers.
• Anzio — A coastal city and historic port in Italy, located in the Lazio region (province of Rome); famous in ancient history as Antium (the birthplace of emperors Caligula and Nero) and renowned in modern history for the crucial Allied landing operation of 1944 during World War II.
• Arras — An important historical town situated in northern France, the capital of the Pas-de-Calais department, famous for its Flemish Baroque architecture, its two grand squares (Grand'Place and Place des Héros), and its priceless medieval tapestries. In universal history, the locality is renowned as a major theatre of operations during World War I (Battle of Arras) and for treaties signed here during the feudal era.
• Auschwitz — The German name for the Polish town of Oświęcim, universally used to designate the largest concentration and mass extermination camp complex established by the Nazi regime during World War II. As a universal symbol of the Holocaust, it represents the site where over one million people were systematically murdered.
• Austro-Hungarian — Pertaining to Austria-Hungary, the former dual monarchy created by the political constitutional compromise between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary, existing from 1867 to 1918. It describes the administrative institutions, military, and territories of this empire.
• Austria-Hungary — A multinational imperial state and dual monarchy in Central Europe that existed from 1867 to 1918, established following the constitutional compromise between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary under the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. Characterized by a unique administrative structure with two capitals (Vienna and Budapesta), vast ethnic diversity, and major geopolitical influence, it dissolved at the end of World War I.
• Badoglio — A prominent historical proper surname belonging to the Italian Marshal and politician Pietro Badoglio (1871–1956). He played a crucial role during WWI and WWII, becoming Prime Minister of Italy in 1943 after the deposition of Benito Mussolini.
• Bagramian — A prominent historical proper surname of Armenian origin, most notably belonging to the Marshal of the Soviet Union Ivan Bagramian (1897–1982), a distinguished military commander who led major strategic operations during World War II.
• Franklin D. Roosevelt — An American statesman and member of the Democratic Party who served as the 32nd President of the United States (1933–1945), being the only president elected four times, widely renowned for implementing the New Deal and leading the country through the Great Depression and World War II.
• Winston Churchill — A British statesman, military officer, writer, and orator who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during World War II (1940–1945) and again from 1951 to 1955, widely renowned for his crucial role in the Allied victory over Nazi Germany and honored with the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953.