Alanine
Definition
A non-essential, structurally aliphatic amino acid with the chemical formula CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH, which is a constituent of most proteins in living organisms; it plays a fundamental role in glucose metabolism through the glucose-alanine cycle, allowing muscles to convert amino acids into energy and transport residual nitrogen to the liver for elimination as urea. This organic compound actively participates in protein synthesis, immune system support, and blood sugar regulation.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Alanine
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine noun, regular structural plural forms used in academic cataloging. |
| Formation | Chemical nomenclature coined in German as 'Alanin' from a modification of 'Aldehyd', then adapted into modern Romance languages. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˈæləniːn] |
| Source | Glossary of Molecular Biology and Systematic Chemical Foundations |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Ficatul utilizează alanină extrasă din fluxul sanguin pentru a genera glucoză nouă prin procesul de gluconeogeneză.
EN: The liver utilizes alanine extracted from the bloodstream to generate new glucose through the process of gluconeogenesis.
RO: Suplimentele de beta-alanină sunt utilizate structural de către atleți pentru a crește concentrația de carnosină din mușchi.
EN: Beta-alanine supplements are structurally utilized by athletes to increase carnosine concentration in muscles.
RO: Analiza de laborator a indicat o concentrație normală de alanină în plasma pacientului supus evaluării metabolice.
EN: The laboratory analysis indicated a normal concentration of alanine in the plasma of the patient undergoing metabolic evaluation.
Idioms & Phrases
Ciclul glucoză-alanină / Glucose-alanine cycle
RO: Proces metabolic de reciclare prin care azotul muscular este transportat structural la ficat, fiind transformat în glucoză.
EN: A recycling metabolic process through which muscle nitrogen is structurally transported to the liver, being converted into glucose.
Alfa-alanină / Alpha-alanine
RO: Izomerul structural principal utilizat direct de ribozomi pentru construirea lanțurilor polipeptidice în celule.
EN: The primary structural isomer utilized directly by ribosomes to build polypeptide chains within cells.
Aminotransferază de alanină / Alanine aminotransferase
RO: Enzimă hepatică esențială (ALT), a cărei creștere în sânge indică structural o posibilă afecțiune sau leziune a ficatului.
EN: An essential liver enzyme (ALT), whose increase in the blood structurally indicates a possible liver condition or injury.
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