Alkali
Definition
A generic name given to the hydroxides of alkali metals (such as sodium, potassium) and alkaline earth metals, as well as ammonium hydroxide. In a traditional chemical sense, it refers to any water-soluble base capable of neutralizing acids, turning red litmus paper blue, and forming salts through combination reactions.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Alkali
- Soluble base
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Noun, singular or collective form, non-inflecting structural chemical designation. |
| Formation | Loanword rooted in Arabic 'al-qaly' (the ashes), referring to the traditional method of extracting potash from plant ashes. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˈæl.kəl.aɪ] |
| Source | The IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Industria săpunurilor folosește un alcali puternic, cum ar fi hidroxidul de sodiu, pentru saponificarea grăsimilor.
EN: The soap industry uses a strong alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, for the saponification of fats.
RO: Orice alcali adăugat în exces va distruge structura fină a țesăturilor delicate de mătase.
EN: Any alkali added in excess will destroy the fine structure of delicate silk fabrics.
RO: Cercetătorul a turnat picături de acid peste acest alcali lichid pentru a măsura căldura de neutralizare.
EN: The researcher poured drops of acid over this liquid alkali to measure the heat of neutralization.
Idioms & Phrases
Metal alcali / Alkali metal
RO: Element chimic din prima grupă a tabelului periodic, caracterizat prin reactivitate extrem de mare.
EN: A chemical element from the first group of the periodic table, characterized by extremely high reactivity.
Alcali volatil / Volatile alkali
RO: Denumire arhaică sau istorică folosită în farmacie și chimie pentru amoniac.
EN: An archaic or historical name used in pharmacy and chemistry for ammonia.
Rezistență la alcali / Alkali resistance
RO: Proprietate a unor materiale textile, plastice sau vopsele de a nu se degrada în contact cu mediile bazice.
EN: The property of certain textile, plastic, or paint materials not to degrade upon contact with basic environments.
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