Alkylation
Definition
The act of alkylating and its result; a laboratory or industrial chemical process through which an alkyl radical is introduced into an organic molecule by replacing a hydrogen atom or another functional group. Alkylation is a fundamental reaction widely utilized in petroleum refining to obtain high-octane gasolines, as well as in drug and detergent synthesis.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Alkylation
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Feminine noun, regular structural variations for singular and plural forms. |
| Formation | Noun of action derived from the verb 'alkylate' using the standard functional suffix '-re'. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˌæl.kɪ.ˈleɪ.ʃən] |
| Source | The International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Organic Synthesis |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Instalația industrială de alchilare produce carburanți premium prin combinarea izobutaniei cu alchene ușoare.
EN: The industrial alkylation plant produces premium fuels by combining isobutane with light alkenes.
RO: Reacția Friedel-Crafts este o metodă clasică de alchilare a benzenului utilizând o halogenură de alchil și un catalizator.
EN: The Friedel-Crafts reaction is a classic method for the alkylation of benzene using an alkyl halide and a catalyst.
RO: O alchilare selectivă la nivelul ADN-ului celulelor tumorale stă la baza modului de acțiune al unor medicamente citostatice.
EN: A selective alkylation at the level of tumor cell DNA underlies the mode of action of certain cytostatic drugs.
Idioms & Phrases
Alchilare Friedel-Crafts / Friedel-Crafts alkylation
RO: Reacție de substituție electrofilă aromatică folosită pentru atașarea radicalilor hidrocarburați la nuclee benzenice.
EN: An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction used to attach hydrocarbon radicals to benzene rings.
Agent de alchilare / Alkylating agent
RO: Substanță chimică reactivă capabilă să transfere o grupare alchil către o altă moleculă, utilizată în sinteze sau chimioterapie.
EN: A reactive chemical substance capable of transferring an alkyl group to another molecule, utilized in syntheses or chemotherapy.
Alchilare catalitică / Catalytic alkylation
RO: Proces tehnologic desfășurat în prezența acizilor puternici (precum acidul sulfuric sau fluorhidric) pentru producerea benzinelor.
EN: A technological process carried out in the presence of strong acids (such as sulfuric or hydrofluoric acid) for gasoline production.
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