Amino acid
Definition
An organic compound with a mixed function, containing in its molecule one or more amino groups (-NH2) and carboxyl groups (-COOH). These structural compounds are the fundamental building blocks of proteins, classified into essential (which cannot be synthesized by the organism and must be provided by diet) and non-essential, playing a crucial role in cellular metabolism, enzyme synthesis, and nerve impulse transmission.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Amino acid
- Building block of protein
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Masculine noun, regular structural plural variations based on chemical and biochemical naming conventions. |
| Formation | Scientific compound formed from the prefixoid 'amino-' and the noun 'acid', modeled after French and international chemical terms. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [a.mi.no.a.ˈt͡ʃid] |
| Source | IUPAC Rules for Biochemical Nomenclature and Macromolecular Systems |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Leucina este un aminoacid esențial care stimulează direct sinteza proteinelor musculare după efort fizic.
EN: Leucine is an essential amino acid that directly stimulates muscle protein synthesis after physical exertion.
RO: Fiecare aminoacid este legat de următorul printr-o legătură peptidică puternică în interiorul lanțului macromolecular.
EN: Each amino acid is linked to the next through a strong peptide bond inside the macromolecular chain.
RO: Analiza de laborator a determinat profilul de aminoacizi pentru a evalua valoarea biologică a proteinei vegetale.
EN: The laboratory analysis determined the amino acid profile to evaluate the biological value of the plant protein.
Idioms & Phrases
Aminoacid esențial / Essential amino acid
RO: Compus organic indispensabil vieții pe care organismul uman nu îl poate fabrica singur și care trebuie ingerat prin hrană.
EN: An organic compound indispensable to life that the human body cannot produce on its own and must be ingested through food.
Secvență de aminoacizi / Amino acid sequence
RO: Ordinea structurală liniară exactă în care sunt dispuși monomerii aminati într-un lanț polipeptidic, dictată de codul genetic.
EN: The exact linear structural order in which aminic monomers are arranged in a polypeptide chain, dictated by the genetic code.
Pool de aminoacizi / Amino acid pool
RO: Rezerva circulantă totală de compuși azotați liberi disponibili în țesuturi și sânge pentru procesele de reconstrucție celulară.
EN: The total circulating reserve of free nitrogenous compounds available in tissues and blood for cellular reconstruction processes.
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