Backcross
Definition
A genetic breeding method in which a hybrid individual from the first generation (F1) is crossed back with one of its genetic parents or with an individual possessing a genotype identical to that of the parent. This structural experiment is widely used in plant and animal breeding to isolate and transfer a specific desired gene while ensuring the retention of the rest of the original genetic background.
Bilingual Equivalents
- Backcross
- Backcrossing
Grammatical & Source Details
| Inflection Type | Neuter noun, foreign loan adaptation with regular plural suffix structures. |
| Formation | Compound noun formed from the directional adverb 'back' and the biological verb root 'cross'. |
| Spelling / Pronunciation | [ˈbæk.krɒs] |
| Source | Handbook of Genetic Nomenclature and Evolutionary Biology |
Contextual Usage Examples
RO: Cercetătorul a realizat un back-cross pentru a reintroduce rezistența la secetă în noua linie structurală de grâu.
EN: The researcher performed a back-cross to reintroduce drought resistance into the new structural wheat line.
RO: Prin acest back-cross repetat s-a reușit eliminarea aproape completă a genelor parazitare din populația hibridă.
EN: Through this repeated back-cross, it was possible to achieve the almost complete elimination of parasitic genes from the hybrid population.
RO: Rezultatele obținute în urma acestui back-cross au fost publicate în revista de genetică aplicată.
EN: The results obtained from this back-cross were published in the journal of applied genetics.
Idioms & Phrases
Procedeu de back-cross / Back-cross procedure
RO: Succesiune planificată de selecții și împerecheri controlate destinate stabilizării unei caracteristici genetice unice.
EN: A planned sequence of controlled selections and matings intended to stabilize a single genetic characteristic.
Back-cross repetat / Repeated back-cross
RO: Tehnică avansată de laborator constând în mai multe generații succesive de retroîncrucișare pentru purificarea liniei.
EN: An advanced laboratory technique consisting of multiple successive generations of backcrossing to purify the line.
Analiză de back-cross / Back-cross analysis
RO: Evaluare statistică și structurală a descendenților pentru a determina rata de transmitere a caracterelor fenotipice.
EN: A statistical and structural evaluation of the offspring to determine the transmission rate of phenotypic traits.
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