European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines and Diagnostic Metrics

• ANOCA — An international medical acronym used to describe myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries. This clinical syndrome manifests through chest pain (angina) and objective signs of ischemia, but angiographic investigations do not reveal major stenoses or mechanical blockages within the large epicardial coronary arteries, being driven instead by microvascular dysfunction or arterial spasms.