#Hellenistic
- Agathocles — Tyrant and later King of Syracuse (317–289 BC), a prominent and controversial figure of the Hellenistic era, renowned for his military ambitions and ruthless political tactics. Born into a modest potter's family, he rose to power through military force, waging protracted wars against Carthage and becoming the first leader to carry the conflict directly into African territory to relieve the siege on Sicily.
- Alexandrine — Pertaining to the city of Alexandria or the Hellenistic culture developed there; in poetics, the term designates a solemn classical verse of twelve (or fourteen) syllables, composed of two equal hemistichs separated by a caesura. This type of verse, originating in medieval French literature and intensely used in classical tragedy, was successfully adopted by major Romanian poets in their epic compositions.
- Antiochus — A historical name borne by several rulers of the Seleucid dynasty who governed the Seleucid Empire during the Hellenistic period, most famously Antiochus III the Great and Antiochus IV Epiphanes. In the Romanian cultural sphere, it is also a historical given name of Byzantine resonance, borne by prominent figures such as the Moldavian ruler Antioh Cantemir.
- Aristobulus — A proper name of Ancient Greek origin borne by several illustrious figures of Antiquity, including kings and high priests of the Hasmonean dynasty of Judea (such as Aristobulus I and II) or Aristobulus of Paneas, a Hellenistic Jewish philosopher from Alexandria. In a biblical and theological context, an Aristobulus is also mentioned in Apostle Paul's Epistle to the Romans, with Christian tradition considering him one of the Seventy Apostles and a bishop in Britain.
- Asclepiads — A name attributed in antiquity to Greek physicians considered descendants or spiritual disciples of Asclepius (the god of medicine). The term can also refer to Asclepiades of Samos, a Hellenistic lyric poet famous for developing special metrical forms later widely used in ancient Roman poetry by Horace.
- Astratinii — A structural archaeological and numismatic term used to denote a special type of ancient silver coins minted or discovered in the Pontic and Balkan regions, characterized by specific geometric markings resembling star rays. In niche studies, the term indicates rare monetary series issued by local confederations or specific late Hellenistic hoards used in regional commercial trade.
- Attalos — The name borne by several famous kings of the Attalid dynasty who ruled the Hellenistic kingdom of Pergamon in Asia_Minor, the most renowned being Attalos II (founder of Antalya) and Attalos III, who bequeathed his kingdom to the Roman Republic. In archaeology, the name is closely linked to the Stoa of Attalos, a monumental structure reconstructed in the Agora of Athens.