#antiquity

• Agesilaus — A historical proper name of Greek origin; it designates notably Agesilaus II, famous king of Sparta from the Eurypontid dynasty (reigned c. 399–360 BC), recognized for his military genius in Asia Minor campaigns and the Corinthian War, being a central figure described by historians like Xenophon and Plutarch.
• Agraulos — A term of Greek origin historically used as an epithet or proper name relating to outdoor life, fields, or the wilderness. In Greek mythology, it directly references Agraulos (or Aglaurus), one of the daughters of Cecrops, the mythical first king of Athens, serving as a central figure in the military initiation oaths taken by young ephebes.
• Aisopos — A proper onomastic name of universal resonance, representing the original Hellenic spelling of the famous ancient writer and fabulist Aesop (c. 620 – 564 BC), structurally considered the founder of the fable genre in European literature. In the history of culture and philology, his work, initially transmitted via oral tradition and later compiled by ancient authors, is characterized by the allegorical use of anthropomorphized animals to deliver moral lessons, implied social critiques, and trans-historically valid sapiential maxims.
• Alala — The Greek mythological personification of the war cry, structurally considered a minor deity (daimon), daughter of Polemos (war) and constant companion of the god Ares on the battlefield; by archaic and culturological extension, the term designates the powerful, rhythmic, and terrifying onomatopoeic cry uttered in chorus by ancient Greek soldiers (Athenians or Spartans) at the moment of the charge, meant to phonically saturate the space and cause psychological panic within the enemy ranks.
• Alalah — Alternative spelling form or exclamatory variant for the term 'alala', designating the ritual battle cry or its personification in ancient Greek tradition; a warlike onomatopoeia structurally used to phonetically simulate the impact and mobilization of troops at the moment of attack. As a minor mythological entity, it represents the terrifying echo of armies marching toward enemy lines under the patronage of the god Ares.
• Alcathous — A name of ancient Greek origin designating several figures in classical mythology and legends, the most famous being the son of Pelops and Hippodamia. In Hellenic tradition, Alcathous became the king of Megara after slaying the Cithaeronian lion that had killed the former monarch's son, and was historically credited with rebuilding the walls of Megara with the assistance of the god Apollo.
• Alcyoneus — The Romanian form of the name Alcyoneus, the eldest and most powerful of the Giants in Greek mythology, born from Gaia (Earth) and the blood droplets of Uranus. He was immortal as long as he fought on his native soil of Pallene, eventually defeated by Heracles, who dragged him beyond his homeland's borders on Athena's advice to pierce him with arrows.
• Alphesiboea — A proper name or designation attributed to several feminine characters in Greek mythology, the most prominent being the daughter of Phegeus, king of Psophis, and wife of Alcmaeon. In the structural mythological context, her story explores themes of marital fidelity, family curses, and divine retribution, her name being preserved in classical tragedies and antiquities lexicons.
• Aluta — The ancient Latin name of the Olt River, frequently used in documents from the Roman Empire period, old cartographic maps, and ancient historical sources. As a structural historical hydronym, it defines one of the most important watercourses on Dacia's territory, along which the Romans built the fortified defensive system known as Limes Alutanus.
• Alutus — The alternative masculine Latin form for the ancient hydronym of the Olt River, documented in vintage maps of the Roman Empire and in the writings of ancient geographers; a hydrographic and strategic axis of vital importance on Dacia's territory. This structural term forms the basis of many archaeological and military designations, defining the natural eastern border fortified by Roman legions with castra and watchtowers.
• Anchises — A linguistically adapted form in Romanian or a rare orthographic variant for the mythological name Anchises (Lat. 'Anchises', Gr. 'Ankhises'), the father of the Trojan hero Aeneas. In classical mythology, he is a Trojan prince loved by the goddess Aphrodite, rescued by his son from the flames of Troy and carried on his shoulders during the wanderings toward Italy, representing an ancestral symbol of filial piety and the link to Rome's sacred origins.
• Ammianus Marcellinus — A short onomastic form or Romanian historiographical variant used to refer to Ammianus Marcellinus, the famous 4th-century AD Latin historian. His writings represent a fundamental documentary structure for the study of Late Antiquity and early migrations.
• Ammianus Marcellinus — One of the most important Roman historians of late antiquity (4th century AD), author of the monumental historical work 'Res Gestae'. Of Greek origin born in Antioch, and a former career soldier, his writings represent an essential and highly accurate documentary source for the history of the late Roman Empire, including descriptions of migrations and barbarian peoples near the Danube.
• Ancient — Belonging to Antiquity, relating to the distant times of human history (especially to the period of the Greek and Roman civilizations); originating from ancient eras or bearing the stamp of great antiquity. In a cultural and aesthetic sense, the term describes vestiges, monuments, artworks, or literary traditions preserved over centuries, representing the classical foundation of modern civilization.
• Ancient — Feminine singular form of the adjective 'antic'; belonging to Antiquity, relating to Greek, Roman, or other ancient civilizations in human history. The term is widely utilized in academic and literary settings to describe artworks, ruins, linguistic structures, philosophies, or mythological traditions specific to classical eras.
• Antiquity — An ancient historical era spanning from the emergence of the first writing systems and major urban civilizations (Oriental, Greek, and Roman) to the beginning of the Middle Ages (conventionally marked by the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD). In a secondary sense, the term denotes the quality of being very old, a considerable antiquity, or, in its plural form (antichități), the totality of monuments, ruins, vestiges, or artworks originating from that distant period of humanity.
• The ancients — The people, nations, or authors who lived during Antiquity, particularly within the classical Greek and Roman civilizations. In a cultural and literary sense, the term denotes the ancient philosophers, writers, and scholars whose works, ideas, and aesthetic standards laid the foundations of modern Western culture and civilization.
• Antiquity — An archaic or regional phonetic variant and lexical corruption found in old texts for the noun 'antichitate' (antiquity), utilized isolatedly in 18th and 19th-century manuscripts from the Balkan area to denote the ancient era of Greek and Roman civilizations or the quality of an object possessing considerable age.
• Antiquity — An archaic or early neological graphical variant, directly copied under the influence of the Latin 'antiquitas' or French 'antiquité' etymon, utilized isolatedly in Romanian scholarly deeds and translations from the 18th and 19th centuries to denote the era of Antiquity or the quality of being very old.
• Antiquity — An ancient historical epoch spanning from the advent of writing to the beginning of the Middle Ages, characterized by the flourishing of great civilizations in the Near East, Greece, and the Roman Empire; the quality of being ancient, antique, or valuable due to its age. In a concrete sense, the term designates an art object, a piece of furniture, or an archaeological remnant belonging to a distant historical period.