#monument
- Arnota — A historic Romanian Orthodox monastery located in Vâlcea County, founded between 1633 and 1634 by Prince Matei Basarab. Situated at an isolated altitude on the mountain of the same name, it houses the tomb of its founder and highly valuable interior frescoes.
- Aroneanu — A commune in Iași County, Romania, adjacent to the city of Iași. It is famous for the Aroneanu Monastery, founded in 1594 by Prince Aron Vodă. As a Romanian surname, it is a patronymic or toponymic derivation.
- Arutela — The name of a Roman castrum and fortified civilian settlement in Dacia Inferior, located on the left bank of the Olt River near the Cozia Monastery in Vâlcea County. This archaeologically significant national site was structurally built by Syrian archers during Emperor Hadrian's reign as part of the Limes Alutanus defensive line, and was partially destroyed by the river's changing course.
- Asprete fish — A regional and popular name used in certain hydrographic basins for the asprete (Romanichthys valsanicola) or for related small freshwater fish species in the Percidae family; a rare fish, considered a monument of nature, adapted to fast mountain streams with rocky bottoms, where it lives hidden under rocks. The term functions as an archaic indicator in local fishing dialects of the Carpathian zone.
- Asprete fish — An endemic species of small freshwater fish (Romanichthys valsanicola) in the Percidae family, considered a true monument of nature and an extremely rare living fossil; it lives exclusively in Romania, currently isolated only within a restricted sector of the Vâlsan River. It is structurally adapted to fast mountain streams with rocky bottoms, featuring a body covered in very rough ctenoid scales, two separate dorsal fins, and nocturnal behavior, living hidden under boulders.
- Assan — A historical surname linked to the beginnings of modern industrialization in Romania, primarily represented by the engineer and entrepreneur Bazil G. Assan and his father, Gheorghe Assan; they established Moara Assan in Bucharest in 1853, the country's first steam mill. The name is correlated with early technological innovation, the first Romanian journey around the world (completed by Bazil Assan on the ship 'Mitidja'), and the introduction of the first automobiles and modern industrial plants in Romania.
- Augustincic — A proper noun of Croatian origin, famous in art history due to the sculptor Antun Augustinčić (1900-1979). He was a prominent figure of monumental sculpture, globally recognized for creating the 'Peace' monument in front of the United Nations headquarters in New York.
- Aventine Hill — One of the seven historic hills of Ancient Rome, located in the southwestern part of the city on the left bank of the Tiber River; during the Roman Republic, the Aventine Hill was closely associated with the plebeians, serving as a political refuge and a symbol of their struggle for social rights against the patricians. Today, it is an elegant residential area and a tourist landmark renowned for its medieval churches, orange gardens, and panoramic views over Rome.
- Axiopolis — An ancient Greco-Roman fortress and city, later fortified by the Byzantines, located in Dobruja on the right bank of the Danube, south of modern Cernavodă (opposite Hinog island). Initially founded in the 4th century BC by Lysimachus, king of Thrace, the settlement was structurally rebuilt by Emperor Constantine the Great. It served as a major strategic military and commercial hub, becoming an episcopal seat in the 6th century and a site of martyrdom for Saints Cyril, Quindeus, and Tassius.