#radiation

• Albedometer — A precision meteorological instrument consisting of two coupled pyranometers (one facing upward and one downward), used for the direct measurement of a surface's albedo by simultaneously determining global solar radiation and that reflected by the ground.
• Anticathode — A massive metallic electrode (anode) situated inside an X-ray generating tube (Röntgen tube), onto which the electron beams emitted by the cathode are focused and bombarded. This structural high-speed impact induces the emission of X-rays, the resulting intense heat being dissipated through a special water-cooling system or by rotating the electrode.
• Anti-actinic — Protecting the eyes or biological tissues against the harmful and aggressive action of strong sunlight or the blinding glare produced by electric welding arcs; an optical filter or structurally shielding substance that absorbs damaging ultraviolet and infrared radiation. In an industrial sense, it describes the material used to manufacture protective glasses or visors for metallurgists and welders.
• Antisolar — Located in a position diametrically opposite to the Sun with respect to an observer or a reference body; situated at the central point of the Earth's shadow. In a modern technological context, the term describes protective devices, screens, or chemical treatments designed to block, reflect, or neutralize intense solar radiation or glare.
• Radiotherapy — A form of medical treatment used in modern oncology, consisting of the destruction of tumor cells through controlled exposure to ionizing radiation emitted by artificial radioactive isotopes; radiotherapy or curietherapy. The method relies on the ability of subatomic particles to alter the DNA structure of malignant cells, blocking the replication and proliferation of diseased tissues.
• Autoradiographic — Relating to or concerning autoradiography or an autoradiograph; executed, detected, or documented through the use of photographic emulsions or sensors sensitive to endogenous isotopic emissions. In a structural sense, it defines laboratory techniques, analyses, images, or protocols based on the self-exposure of radioactive samples onto visual recording media, used for the precise localization of labeled molecules within cells or tissues.