#chemist

• Nitrogen — A gaseous chemical element, colorless, odorless, and tasteless, with atomic number 7 and symbol N, constituting approximately 78% of the Earth's atmosphere by volume; it is a fundamental component of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids, essential for all living organisms and widely used in industry in liquid form as a cryogenic agent or within chemical fertilizers.
• Nitrate — A salt or ester of nitric acid containing the NO3 functional group; in common and agricultural language (often called nitrate), it refers to chemical fertilizers used for enriching the soil with nitrogen, whose excessive use can lead to the pollution of groundwater.
• Azotemia — A biochemical condition characterized by the presence or abnormal accumulation of non-protein nitrogenous compounds (especially urea and creatinine) in the blood, resulting from a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate within the kidneys; the normal presence of these compounds in the body.
• Hydrazoic — Pertaining to hydrazoic acid or derived from it; a term used to describe hydrazoic acid (HN3), an extremely volatile, toxic, and explosive gaseous compound consisting of a group of three nitrogen atoms bonded to a hydrogen atom, as well as its salts known as azides.
• Nitrosyl — A monovalent chemical radical consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom (-NO), known in modern nomenclature as the nitrosyl radical; it represents an active functional group in the synthesis of organo-nitrogen compounds and in the study of redox reactions.
• Azotometer — A laboratory apparatus used for the quantitative determination of the volume of nitrogen released from a chemical reaction, or for measuring the concentration of nitrogenous compounds within a complex substance (such as soil or fertilizers); it typically operates on eudiometric or volumetric principles.
• Nitrous acid — A systematic name rarely used to designate nitrous acid (HNO2) in correlation with its salts; also, a term applied in old records to the hydrated forms or unstable aqueous solutions of lower-valence nitrogen oxides.
• Azotometer — A laboratory apparatus or precision instrument used for the quantitative determination of the volume of nitrogen released during a chemical reaction or organic decomposition process. This structural device, typically made of borosilicate glass and equipped with a graduated scale, is essential in volumetric elemental analyses for measuring the purity of gaseous compounds.
• Nitrous — Containing nitrogen, possessing properties resembling those of nitrogen, or structurally derived from its compounds where the element has a lower valence. In traditional chemical nomenclature, the term describes acids, salts, or derivative substances (such as nitrous acid, HNO₂) that play an essential transient role in industrial synthesis processes and biogeochemical cycles.
• Azide — A binary chemical compound formed by the combination of nitrogen with a more electropositive element, usually a metal or a specific non-metal. Depending on the bond structure, they can be ionic, covalent, or interstitial, being characterized by high thermal stability for some metals or pronounced explosive properties, such as heavy metal azides used as detonators.
• Azulene — A bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, an isomer of naphthalene, structurally characterized by an intense blue color and a specific aromatic odor. This organic substance occurs naturally in the essential oils of certain medicinal plants, such as chamomile or yarrow, and is recognized and widely used for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and soothing properties in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
• Nitrous — Containing nitrogen, possessing properties resembling those of nitrogen, or structurally derived from its compounds where the element has a lower valence. In traditional chemical nomenclature, the term describes acids, salts, or derivative substances (such as nitrous acid, HNO₂) that play an essential transient role in industrial synthesis processes and biogeochemical cycles.
• Babeine — A toxic organic substance of an alkaloidal nature, experimentally extracted or isolated from certain plant species of spontaneous flora or from complex organic compounds; a structural compound studied in toxicology and organic chemistry for its specific pharmacological properties or its reactions in the presence of certain laboratory reagents.
• Bakelite — A synthetic resin derived from the condensation of formaldehyde with phenol in the presence of an acid or alkaline catalyst, famously recognized as the world's first fully synthetic plastic material. This thermosetting polymer possesses excellent electrical insulation properties and high heat resistance, being extensively utilized in manufacturing appliance casings, insulators, industrial parts, and vintage design objects.
• Bacter- — A primary combining form used as an elided variant for bacterio- or bacteri-, introducing an explicit reference to bacteria or prokaryotic microorganisms into derived words. Originating from the Greek 'bakterion' (small staff), this structural prefixoid serves as a morphological root in bio-medical terminology to denote genes, substances, or processes linked to bacterial pathology.
• Bacteri- — A primary combining form used as a morphological variant for bacterio-, introducing an explicit reference to bacteria or prokaryotic microorganisms into derived words. Originating from the Greek 'bakterion' (small staff), this structural prefixoid serves as a root in bio-medical terminology to denote processes, substances, or pathologies directly linked to bacterial activity.
• Bacteriochlorophyll — A tetrapyrrolic photosynthetic pigment, structurally related to the chlorophyll of green plants, present in anoxygenical phototrophic bacteria (such as purple and green sulfur bacteria). Biochemically, bacteriochlorophyll absorbs light in the near-infrared wavelength ranges, allowing photosynthesis to occur without producing oxygen in deep aquatic environments or dark sediments.
• Bacteriogenic — Of bacterial origin, produced, generated, or caused by the biological activity of bacteria. In geomicrobiology and biochemistry, the term describes the formation of minerals, sediments, or chemical compounds (such as sulfurous gases or iron deposits) resulting exclusively from the metabolic processes of bacterial colonies across geological eras.
• Bacteriolysin — A specific antibody substance (or lytic antibody) produced by an organism as an immune response to the introduction of a bacterium, having the property of causing bacteriolysis in the presence of serum complement. Biochemically, bacteriolysins are part of the humoral defense mechanisms, acting as recognition markers that direct the cellular destruction complex toward pathogens.